If you look in developer tools and looks at the Elements pane for a list in live preview you’ll discover that a list is not hierarchical, it’s flat. Each line is its own <div>, so basically the a sub-item is at the same level as its parent. This makes it a lot harder to achieve stuff like this within live preview versus in reading view where we’ve got the proper hiearchy of the list.
Theoretically though, it can be done by writing some massive CSS selectors where you utilise the fact that these <div>'s are tagged with classes like HyperMD-list-line-1, and HyperMD-list-line-2, and similar for lower levels. So it should be doable to write neighbouring CSS selectors, but it would require quite some fiddling about I think to get it correct.