The file system creation date (ctime) knows nothing about your file metadata Properties. Ctime belongs to the file, not the contents, and indicates when the new file was created on your computer. (Ctime can also be overwritten in a number of copy/move/sync scenarios and can’t really be trusted.) It looks like your migration converted original created dates into the YAML metadata field “created” – which is what you want to query for – not cdate.
A chronological view of your notes will only be possible with dataview queries, not the Obsidian file explorer “Created time” option. This is a long-standing irritation that doesn’t seem to have an easy fix: Handle file creation date / modified date internally (don’t use the filesystem info) - Feature requests - Obsidian Forum