Yes, you use a link format like this:
[[Notes About Apples#Notes About Peeling]]
Assuming your note is called “Notes About Apples” and you have a heading ## Notes About Peeling. You type [[ to begin adding a link. You use # after the link, to get auto-complete suggestions for headings in the linked document. Any heading level should work.
Clicking this link will jump to that particular heading in your document. You can also use this to create a custom table of contents.
But this works for linking to headings in other documents too. Not just the current document.

NOTE: If you don’t see this, make sure to update Obsidian, or mention which version you are using.