Thanks for the article. Seems to be either the Obsidian Team or a Plugin Developer will be able to bring this functionality into Obsidian referring to this blog post.
I believe it’s possible to use a CSS snippet to change the list marker types in Reading View, at least (maybe it can be made to work in Live Preview too, but I imagine it might cause weird behavior). There may be posts about it here in the forum; if not there is probably discussion about it on the Discord.
The source text itself can only be the one style because that’s how Markdown works (as mentioned).