I have the same problem in almost the same setup. As I use this function quite a lot, I had to come up with a quick and temporary solution.
I made a new Automator’s “Quick Action” with the name “Obsidian Path”. This automation runs an AppleScript to copy to my clipboard the necessary [Name](path) string.
Here is the Automatomation in Automator:
Don’t forget to set “Workflow receives current → Files or folders in → Finder.app”
Here is the code for the Applescript inside:
on run {input, parameters}
set theseFinderItems to {}
repeat with aItem in input
copy quoted form of POSIX path of aItem to end of theseFinderItems
copy space to end of theseFinderItems
set textTemp to first item of theseFinderItems
set my text item delimiters to ":"
set theResults to aItem as alias as string
set nameTemp to the last item of text items of theResults
set the clipboard to "[" & nameTemp & "](<file://" & textTemp & ">)"
end repeat
end run
When I want to copy a path from Finder, I just do:
Right click on file → Quick Actions → Obsidian path

And then go to paste it to Obsidian.
I might keep using this Quick Action, as it gives the path between < > , so it doesn’t need to scape spaces, and it is so much cleaner.
Hope it helps
Marco