Obsidian 1.8.3 was just released today. Maybe one of your plugins is uphappy with the update. You could try
updating your plugins
disabling your plugins. If that solves your issue, enable them one-by-one until something fails so you can identify the offending plugin.
you might need to rebuild your vault cache. (Settings → Files and links → Rebuild vault cache)
you might try moving your .obsidian folder someplace out of your vault and seeing if things start working. If so, it’s something in your vault configuration.
Just some stuff I’d try if I was in your position.
I had a very similar issue of where the vault wouldn’t open. The difference I believe was originally a File system timeout error not the indexedDB yours shows. I closed and opened the vault several times and then it would just freeze and somewhere in the process. Either loading the vault, cache… it seemed arbitrary.
However, what worked for me was opening the ‘Open Vault’ dialog from the menu:
File → Open
then removing the targeted vault from the list
then reopening the vault again; then it worked nicely