Hey @minhthanh3145 - yes I agree that “relevance-realisation” is a process description, the output of which is insight. And when we talk about finding “mental clarity” faced with a difficult problem or decision, what we mean is also that we lack insight…
Since we’re nerding-out a bit here, an interesting nuance around “relevance-realisation” that comes from Vervaeke’s paper is that he distinguishes between wisdom and analytical problem-solving. It’s a while since I read the paper (and ironically my notes are not to hand, ahem!) but I recall he made reference to Eastern traditions of thought in contrast with Western traditions… and his process term of relevance-realisation is modelled on the idea of wisdom. His line of argumentation was even quite humorous, noting that even really clever people can be pretty stupid sometimes, so logic and rationality are no magic pill.
In fact, Vervaeke (borrowing from Dreyfus) refers to a good “problem finder” rather than a good “problem solver” - the definition of a problem-finder being the ability to create a problem nexus, ie a problem that is connected to other problems and that if solved would solve those problems too. In other words, related problems are ‘relevant’ problems.
On your point about constraints, I also agree. I was just listening over the weekend to Lex Fridman’s podcast interview with Elon Musk (the latest one, they’re friends so he’s had Musk on the show a few times). Musk described (with examples) his now well-known approach of “thinking from first principles” which in a nutshell is about boiling down a problem to its axiomatic base: the most fundamental principles to which the problem is anchored, and which you know are true at a foundational level. He then ‘reasons up’ from there… and then checks his conclusion’s plausibility/possibility by referring right back to the axiomatic base. I think this idea provides a good mental framework for defining the boundary of relevance… if he can make the best rocket engine ever (better than NASA) and start so many disruptive businesses using this approach, then I figure he’s onto something!
A final thing Musk said is that “all the answers are out there” and are relatively easy to find, if only you can find the right questions: that’s the hard part. Questions (about relevance) are at the heart of effective learning. As another neuroscientist, Beau Lotto, says, “every new perception starts with a question.”