The main purpose of IDs in these plain-text systems is to make sure all files have unique, static file names. You then link to other notes via their IDs (or including IDs), knowing that even if you change the descriptive title of a note, the ID will remain the same, so links never completely break. As such “1231231231 Platonic Forms” could be renamed to “1231231231 Platonic Ideas”, but any links, i.e. [[1231231231]], would still link to the same file.
However, in a system like Obsidian, which updates links if you rename files, this isn’t really necessary anymore, as you can link [[Platonic Ideals]], and it will automatically change to [[Platonic Forms]] if you change the title of the note. In this case, the function of the ID seems to be reduced mostly to sorting, or as a temporary name.