Part of this FR is realized with the introduction of bases. Although the mental model is different and the definition of type is weaker.
You could think of the “type of a note” as the set of filters that it satisfies in a base. A base defines a type in a sense. The new button creates a notes that satisfies (or should) the filters (type constrains). This FR is a further extensions in this vein with a template.
For me, the crucial difference is that a type systems enforces a note schema a-priori, whereas what we have now with templates and bases are a-posteriori adjustments.