It’s possible to get and refer to values from other files using dataview, but in general it’s not possible to define another field using a query.
There are ways around it using other plugins in addition to dataview, like templater, but it do require some coding.
In some cases it wound be better to rather define a common note with common fields, and then refer to that note as a note type definition within each file, if that make sense.
In short, no, it’s not really possible to do what I think you want to do, but then again depending on use case alternatives might exist.